Device for projecting enlarged images



- I INVENTOR= 114 132 S.-Ho km "55 BY 9 March 8, 1938. R. s. HOPKINS 1 DEVICE FOR PROJECTING ENLARGED IMAGES 1 Filed March "7, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I r r I I v March 8,1938. R H K v 2,110,4 4

DEVICE FOR PROJECTING ENLARGED IMAGES Filed March 7, 1935 2 sheets-skew 2 JATTORN'EYS.

Patent d a; IQSBI- NI ED STAT S PATENT oF IcE.

2,110,484 DEVICE FOR PROJECTING ENLARGE!) IMAGES Roy S. Hopkins, Rochester, N. Y., assignor, by

mesne assignments, to Eastman Kodak Company, Jersey City, N. J., a corporation or New Jersey Application March 7,1936, Serial N6. 67,689

9 Claims.

This invention relates to a device for producing enlarged images from various parts of a film and is primarily intended for reading legends printed on such film. One object of my invention is to 15 provide a device which will hold a film accurately in the focal plane .of an objective, the objective being so positioned with respect to an easel that a sharp image will be formed at an enlarged' magnification thereon. Another object of my invention is to provide'a device in which the film may be movedrapi dly back and forth for examining various parts of the film ,by means of the p lectedimageon the easel. Still another ob.

:iect of my invention is to provide a projector 5 with a film winding and rewinding' mechanism,

so arranged that the operation ofstarting to 1 'wind film releases the tension on the fi lm flatten-.

25 pointed out in the claims at the end thereof.

The present machine is an improvement over the machine shown in my Patent 2,008,982,

granted July 23, 1935, for a Device for producing enlargedimages.

Coming now to the drawings wherein like reference characters denote like parts throughout:

- b Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a device for pro- 'jecting enlarged images constructed in accordmy'invention.

Fig. 2' is a fragmentary detail section through an improved form of clutch used with the mech-. anism shown in the other views of the drawings.

Fig. 3 is a perspective schematic showing of the film moving mechanism used with the projector 'showninfigllQ Fig. 4 is a schematic showing of the drive for moving the film back and forth, and

Fig-5 is a detail view of a clutch which'may be' used in connection with the machine shown in- Fig. 3.

It is one of the purposes of my invention to providea machine for-reading legends produced on 50 a small size on a film. Such records may be. photographic reproductions of checks, news-' papers, or other documents, and the film record may be of any standard size,-such'as -16 or 35 mm. in width.

'55 My invention .comprises broadly providing a ance'with and embodying a preferred form of casing designated-broadly as I'having side walls 2 and a rear wall 3 tapering from a wedgeshaped base 4 towards a top member 5. The base member 4 preferably slants from thefront to the back and is provided with a surface 6 suitable to 5 reflect an image, such as a white or silver surface.

The front of the cabinet I is left open so that the image diagrammatically indicated at I can be viewed through this opening.

The projector mechanism designated broadly 19 at 8 projects an image from a record, such as a V film F, downwardly onto the easel 6 in a manner which will be hereinafter more fully described.

The top 5 includes a slidable plate 9 carrying the projector mechanism 8, this plate, together with a second plate I 0, being slidable in two directions so. that various parts of'the image on the film F can be projected on the screen or easel 6. The position of the film is controlledby a handle I I on a rod I2 mounted at I3 to move longitudinally or transversely of the casing. -The structure for moving the projecting mechanism may be the same 'as that shown in my patent above referred to, and for a complete description of this mechanism reference maybe had to my patent.

Referring to Fig. 3, the film F may be mounted I on reels or hubs on the shafts I5 and I6. These shafts are rotatably mounted and may be driven .by the pulleys I1 and I8 which are connected by belts I9 and 20 to pulleys 2| and 22 coaxially arranged with pulleys 23 and 24 so that these may be driven when a shaft 25 is turned by the sprocket wheel 2. Sprocket wheel 26 is connected to a sprocket wheel 21 by means of a chain 28 whichfis' normally slack, as indicated at 28a in Fig.4. Thus, when the handle 29- on crank 38 is turned to movethe sprocket wheel 21 in the direction shown by the arrow in Fig. 4, the first part of this movement tends to take up the 40 slack in the chain 28a, moving it from its positionshown at 28a to the position shown'at 28b.

. Thus, the first part of the movement'of sprocket I 21 does not turnthe sprocket 26, but tends to move the chain to a taut position, and from this taut position, it moves the sprocket 26 downward- V, 1y 9. distance D, as indicated in Fig. 4; This movement-is permitted because the shaft 25 is mount- V ed in a hinged bearing 3i which is in the formof a hollow box having trunnions 32 (only one be ing shown) extending to each side of it, these I trunnionsbing mounted to turn in suitable bearings. Since the shaft 25 issupported in'bearing members}; in each side of the box. the shaft V is limited by a bracket III.

' is lowered, roller nions 92. The amount of movement of shaft 25 when the shaft 29 moves, upon the trunnions 32 and moves an arm 9! carr'ying on its end'a roller 99' in a'reverse direction to the movementof shaft 25, that is, as shaft 29 39 is raised. This roller contacts with a cam 30 on the roller side bf a spring plate 91 carrying a glass. plate 39. This plate, with asimilar plate 39, which is fixedly mounted, serves to holdthe film F fiat between the two plates. However, when the handle 29 is turned,

and when the shaft 29 is lowered, the roller 9!, through contact with cam 9!, spaces plate 99 from plate I9 so that film can be freely wound back and forth above the objective II which projects an image carried by the film on the screen 9.

,there being a mirror 44 to bend The projector may be of a standard type having a lamp ll and condenser lenses 42 and 49, the light rays through the glass plates 99 and 99.

There, is also a heat screen 5 mounted to turn on the hinge pintle 46 when a'plunger 41 'is thrust upwardly through its contact with the spring plate 91. Thus each time the plates 39 and 39 are separated for winding the film, the heat screen is moved to and from the path of the light. The reason for thelight screen '49 moving into the path of the light beam when the glass, plates 39 and 39 are separated for the movement of film is, that during the time the film is being moved, it .is'not in intimate contact with the glass plates which are, therefore, unable'to dissipate the heat. However, as soon as the glass plates clamp down upon the film and are in min mate-contact with it, the heat screen is not necessary because the. glass plates conduct the heat from the film.

The film may be moved solely through the rotation of shafts I5 and I6 by means of the belts and pulleys above described, or the shafts I5 and I9- may be frictionally driven and the actual movement of the film may occur through the action of the ringer-rolls 50 and 5| in thefollow-i ing manner: Roller 59 is preferably a rubber l roller mounted on a shaft 52 carrying a sprocket i3 which may be driven-by a chain 54 from a sprocket wheel 55 pinned to shaft 29. Thus, movementof shaft 29 in either direction willturn the roller 59 in either direction. The roller 9| is carried-by a bearing. bracket 58 supported by the arms 51 carried by a shaft 59, this shaft being turned by a spring 59 in the direction shown by the arrow tokeep an even tension on the roller SI for pressing it toward the roller 99. These tworollers arenormally in contact for driving the film by turning the crank I9, but the lever 69 may swing the cam OI upon its trunnion 92 to press down the bracket. 59 through portions 9] and 99 thereof,.and at the 'sametimeto press down upon the block 99 which will contact'withshaft is to lower this-shaft." Th reason for movement is that it is sometimes desirable to. wind the-film backand forth rapidly between the.

shafts I5 and withoututilizin'g theringer rolls 9.: and II which will be thus separated to such an extent that theycannot contact with and drivelthe film. e

In place of the'handleil being se togwind the film bac I pivotedatll tothehousingandcarryingacable 12 which is-attached to the hinged arma'lt no'r-; mally turned to the position shown in l lg's 3 by. a spring". Armlt carries azpawl lladapte'd the box II swings' pivoted to the pulley by the stud I94.

and mm, 1 provide lew-1|. L,

j III may be made to drive pulleyi'l through'a and belt-2|; Such construction 'is'not necessary toengage the ratchet I9 so that the film can be moved by moving lever III downwardly. A series of downward thrusts moves the film in a series of movements sufilcient to adjust contacting areas of reading matter successively across 5 the easel .6. However, when it is desired to move any quantity of film,.it is generally more convenient to use the handle 29.

1f the filmis to be moved solely'by the ringer rolls III- and BI, it is preferable to equip each of the'pulleys- I1 and I9 with a one-way driving clutch, as shown in Fig. 5, the driving clutch for pulley I8 being arranged to drive only when the belt 20 turns the pulley in the direction shown by the arrow, and the clutchlfor pulley I1 being arranged in a reverse direction. Thus, the clutches for pulleys I1 and I9 work in an opposite direction with respect to each other. These clutches may be of any standard construction, or; as shown in. Fig. 5, the clutch for pulley Il may consist of a ratchet wheel I90 carrying the shaft I5, this ratchet wheel being adapted to be engaged by an escapement IIII. ratchet is engaged by the hook member I92, the pulley. "may be keyed to the shaft I5 and will move with it. When, however, the shaft It moves in a reverse direction, the slanting edges of the teeth will engage part [03 of the escapement and permit the shaft I5 to turn without transmitting motion to the pulley. -The escapement III is Thus, when the handle 29 is turned to wind the film on shaft I6, pulley I] may idle on shaft I5. When' the film is wound in an opposite direction, the clutch member will disconnect pulley II from shaft I6 so that the film will wind freely upon the shaft I5, which is at this time being turned through pulley II.

I have also found that the clutch shown in Fig. 2 is particularly desirable for this type of apparatus, since with it the clutches indicatedin Fig. 5 asbeing useful for pulleys I1 and I9 may be omitted, if desired. In this form 01' my invention' the box 3i supports the shaft 25, as before, in bearings 33, but there is a clutch'member indicated broadly at III) by which either the pulley. II I or the pulley I I2 may be driven, according to which direction the shaft 25 is turned. To accomplish this the bearing member 99 is keyed to the shaft 25 and is provided with a friction clutch face III. A disk Ill is also keyed to the endof the shaft and is provided with a frictionsurface lit. The end of the shaft is threaded at I I6 with a multiple-pitch threadfa when the four-pitch being satisfactory, and this, thread 55 mates with a thread II'I carried. by member 'I II.

This member is cylindrical 'and carries an out-\ 29 in-a clockwise direction, the clutch"rnembuilt, through the threaded connection Ill- I I1, moves to the left in Fig. 2, pinching ley I II between the friction surfaces" I II a'nd "9,

thus causing pulley I I Ito turn with shaft 29 and permitting pulley I II to idle on the cylindrical portionof the clutch member III.-' When the direc-' tion of movement 6! shaft. II is reversed, the

clutch member will move in an .opposite direction, releasing pulley m and. driving pulle m.

- when this cluteh'construction is used, pulley suitable belt is and pulley 10 may be driven thjws Pulley m. belt a. pulley a, pulley a;

a section of film fiat in a plane for projection, ally operable sprocket m'ountedpn the Easing-a I,

a fixed mount for one of said plates, amovable 'mount for the opposite end of said plates, means for moving. the movable plate including a rotatable shaft, a hinged beafing for said rotatable shaft in which said shaft may both rotate and rock, a member connected to said movable plate and adapted to be engaged by rocking said shaft for moving saidrotatable plate, a spring'normally holding said rotatable shaft in engagement with said member, a crank arm carried by said casing, pulleys carried by said crank arm and by said rotatable shaft, 2. chain loosely connecting said pulleys, whereby movement of said crank may con trol both the rotative and rocking movement of said shaft, said crank arm being adapted to first take up slack in said chain rocking said shaft against the action of said spring when the crank arm is turned.

6. In a winding and reeling device. for projectors, the combination with a casing open at one side, a screen ounted near one end of the casing, a projector carried by the opposite end of said casing, a pair of reel supports adapted tocontain reels offilm bearing images thereon, and two transparent plates for holdingfa section of film flat for projection, one plate-being mounted to move relative to the other, a pivoted shaft bearing carried by the casing, a shaft rotatably mounted in said pivoted bearing whereby said shaft may both rotate and rock, a member bearing on saidlshaft and connected to the movable transparent plate for moving the latter through a rocking movement of the former, a pulley on each reel support and on the rockably mounted shaft, belts connecting the pulleys, means for ro-' tating and rocking said rockable shaft compris ing a crank and pulley mounted on the casing, a slack belt connecting the crank and pulley and the rotatable shaft, a spring normally holding the rotatable shaft in a fixed position, said shaft be ing rocked from this position by means of the crank and pulley whereby the relative relation of the reel supports and the transparent plates may be controlled by the crank and-pulley.

7. In a winding and reeling device for projectors, the combination with a casing, including a screen to receive an image and aprojector for forming an image thereon, said projector including a pair of reel supports adapted to carry reels of film having images thereon, andfltwo transparent plates adapted to hold a section of said film fiat, of a shaft rockably and revolubly mounted on the casing, a pulley on each reel support and on said rockably mounted. shaft, belts connecting said pulleys, means connecting said rockable shaft and a film holding plateadapted to move thelatter from the former, a

chain connecting said sprocket of sufficientlength to permit the shaft to rock a limited distance, a

handle connected to the sprocket mounted on the casing whereby a single 'movementof the handle inone direction may first rock the shaft to open the film holding plates and then turn the shaft for moving the 'film through a film support.

8. In a winding and reeling device-for projectors,the combinationwith a casing, including a screen'to receive an image and a projector for forming an image, said projector including a pair to move the latter from the former, a sprocket on the rockably mounted shaft, a manually operable sprocket mounted on the casing, a chain connecting said sprocket of sufficient length to permit the shaft to rock a limited distance, the manually operable sprocket being adapted to both rock the shaft and cause the shaft to turn, the manually operable sprocket being movable shaft may be turned to drive either of the two film supporting shafts.

9. In a winding and reeling device for projectors, the combination with a casing, including a screen to receive an image and a projector for forming an image, said projector including a pair of reel supports adapted to support reels of film containing images the'reon'and two transparent plates adapted to hold a film fiat, of a'shaft rockably and revolubly mounted on the casing, a pulley on each reel support andon said rockably mounted shaft, belts connecting said pulleys, means connecting said rockable shaft and -a film holding'plate adapted to move the latter from the former, a sprocket on the rockably mounted shaft, a manually operable sprocket mounted on the casing, a chain connecting said sprocket of sufficient length to permit the shaft to rock a limiteddistance, a handle connected to the sprocket "in either of two directions, so that the rockable carried by the casing adapted to be turned in two directions to transmit motion to said rockable v the plates for holding a film fiat. 1 ROY s. norms.

I to m the clutches shown in Fig. lifonpulleys n and II, although both of these arrangements may be simultaneously used, if desired.

Theoperation of my machine is as follows:'

An operator sitting in' front of the cabinet I may turn this handle until um area of the record whichistobeviewedisinfocusuponthescreen 0. If desired, the handle may'be'rno'ved to cause the reading matter to change its position on the screen 6, or to move slightly different areas of the film over the objective ll to bring the debe moved a distance D sufficient to separate the glass plates 38 and 39 a distance sufficient to permit film to pass freely therethrough. Continued movement of the operating handle 20 or III will then cause the film to move; the timing being so arranged that the film will never move until the plates 38 and 39 are separated. Thus, there is no tendency to scratch the. film and yet the film will be held in a plane by means of the two glass plates. Since the heat screen" is also moved in tlmedrelation with the glass plate 38,

this screen .will be moved each time that the plates are separated.

With this apparatus it is asimple matter to reel of! film rapidly from one shaft toanother or 'to move the film slowly and'c'ontinuously, as when searching for a certain portion of the reading matter, or to move the film in small steps at a time, as when reading line after line of printed matter. It is also a simple matter to properly center the desired portion of the reading matter on the screen 6 by movement of handle I I.

'Ihe clutch arrangement makes it possible for the record film to be mounted on two spaced shafts; each of which is positively driven in one direction and idles in the opposite direction so that the tension at all times on the film is as light I as possible.

What I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a winding and reeling device for-projectors, the combination with an elongated casing,

of ascreen mounted therein nea-r one end, aprojector carried by theo'pposite end of the casing,

holding said film in a plane, one plate beinga pair of reel supports carried by the projector and 'adapted to contain film bearing images, said projector being adapted 'to project an image upon said screen, means for positioning said film for projection comprising two transparent plates for mounted to move relative to the ether plate; a

- shaft r'ockably and revolubly mounted on the casing, and meansconnected to the shaft .and to the movablejaransparent plate for moving the latter from the former, a manually voperable 'member carried by the casing and connected to the rockable shaft for moving ,the shaft upon its mount, and connections between the arm and shaft for rockingthe shaft wherebythe movable transparent plate may be spaced from the opposite plate for the e of film therethrough.

2. In a winding and reeling -device foriprojectors, the combination with a casing, of a screen mounted near one end of the casing, a projector carried by theopposite end of the casing, a'pair of reel supports carried by the projector and adaptedtocarryreelsoffilmbearingimages thereon, means for holding a section of film flat for projection comprising two transparent plates, one plate being movably mounted with respect to the other plate, a shaft carried in a hinged bear- 5 ing, connections between said shaft and said movabl'y mounted plate for moving the latter but moving the shaft in its hinged mount, a manually operable member carried by the casing and Y connected to the shaft for both rocking and revolving said shaft, pulleys mounted on said shaft and on said casing, a chain loosely connecting said pulleys... said manually operable member being connected with said pulley'attached to said casing for rotating said pulley whereby the slack may betaken upinthe loosechaintorock said shaft and separate said transparent film holding plates.

3; In a winding and reeling device for projectors, the combinatiion with ,an elongated casing, of .a screen mounted near one end of said go,

casin a projector mounted near the other end of said casing, said projector including'a pair of spaced reel supports adapted to contain reels of film having images thereon, a pair of trans- I parent plates .adapted to hold an area ofjfilm in a plane for projection, at least one of said plates being movably fmounted with respect to theother, a shaft bearing hingedly attached to said casing, -a shaft revolubly mounted in said hinged bearing for rocking and rotative movement, connections between said shaft and said movably mounted, transparent plate whereby a rockingmovement of'the said shaft and bearing may move the transparent plate, a pulley on said shaft, 9, second pulley rotatably mounted on said casing, a manually operable handle connected to said pulley carried by the casing, a chain loose- 1y connecting the two pulleys whereby. rotative movement of the pulley mounted on the casing may take up slaclr in the chain thereby rocking 4o the shaft and moving the movably mounted transparent plate. 1

4. In a winding and reeling device for pro-, jectors, the combination with an elongated casing, of a screen mounted nearone end of the casing, a projector carried by the opposite end of,

- the casing, a pairof reel supports carried by the projector and adapted to contain film having images thereon, two transparent plates for holding a film area fiat for projection, a movable -mount for one transparent plate on,which said plate'may move to and from the opposite transparent plate, means for moving the movable transparent plate comprising a bearing hingedly attached to the casing and a shaft revolubly mbunted in said bearing, means connected to the shaft and movable by rocking the shaft in its hinged bearing for moving the movably mounted I film holding plate. a manually operable member I carried by the casing and fiexibly connected to the shaft for rocking the shaft, said flexible connection comprising an endless member, a pulley carried by the shaft and a pulley carried by the "manually operable member for supporting said endless flexible member, whereby said manually n5 operable member may'control both the rocking and therotative movement of said shaft.

5.'1'n .a winding and reeling device for pro jectors, the combination with a casing, of a screen mounted near one end thereof, a projector mounted near the opposite end of the casing and adapted to project an image upon said screen, afpair of reel supports carried by the casing and adapted to contain reels of film bearing images thereon, a pair of transparent plates for holding 7 

